Combined railway-tie and rai l-fastening



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

' N. S. WHITE.

COMBINED RAILWAY -TIIB AND RAIL FASTENING. No. 366,646. Patented July 12, 1887.

. "HUM www li/in 633 es (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

N. S. WIIITE.

COMBINED RAILWAY TIB AND RAIL IASIENING.

Patented July 12, 1887.

8 6 op S 6 n w W.

N. PETERS. Fhamuxhegmphnr. washinglnn. D. c.

UNTTED STATES PATENT Oiiriieiee NORMAN S. VHITE, OF KARNS CIT Y, PENNSYLVANIA.

COMBINED RAILWAY-TIE AND RAIL-FASTENING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 366,546, dated July 12. 1887.

Application filed Octol:cr22,1i0. Serial No. 216,053. (No model.)

To LZZ whom t may concern.:

Be it known that I, NORMAN S. VVHTTE, a lcitizen of the United States, residing at Karns City, in the county of Butler and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Combined Railway- Ties and Rail-Fastenings; and I do declare the following tobe a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, refereneebeing had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and iigures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification. l

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is aperspective View of a portion of a railway-track,

showing my improvements. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section taken on line x .t of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a like view showing the locking devices at both ends of the tie connected together. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the h'lling for the tie. Fig. 5 is a like view of a portion of a tie slightly modified in form, with the filling, and showing the locking devices for the rails. Figs. 6 and 7 are like views of the groundfplates or chairs for the ties.

It is well known that the use of wooden ties for railways is becoming more and more eX- pensive, especially iu certain sections ofthe country where the supply of timber from which the ties are produced is nearly eX- hausted.

rlhe object of my invention is to produce a cheap and durable metallic tie, simple in con struction and readily laid, to take the place. of the ordinary wooden tie.

The further object of my invention is to dispense with bolts or chairs for securing the rail to the tie, and to provide means whereby the load, instead of being wholly supported by the tie, is transferred to the ground upon which such tie rests, or to the ground through a ground-plate or chair.

The further object of my invention is to provide means for anchoring the tie securely in place and for securing the same against displacement when laid on a stone ballast.

The further object of my invention is to.

provide means whereby the usual gaging of the road may be dispensed with.

To these ends the invention consists in the construction of the tie, the combination therewith of locking devices and a filling, and a more or less elastic seat, substantially as hereinafter fully described, and as set forth in theclaims.

In the drawings, T indicates the metallic tie, which is preferably U-shaped in crosssection, as shown in Fig. l, or substantially of that shape, as shown in Fig. 5, and provided with seat-tlanges t.

The rails A are secured to the tie as follows: Near each end of the tie T, and in its upper face, is formed a recessed seat, T', for the reception of the foot of the rails A, said recessed seat forming a slot or opening in the tread or upper face, t', of the tie T, and from the opposite edges of the said seat, along the vertical faces of the tie, extend slots t? t.

The locking devices consist of two rods or bars, R R', 'from which project the locking lugs or dogs L and L, to which is pivoted a locking-latch, Z and l', respectively, having on its under side a projection, Z2, that lits into the slot t2 and locks the dogs and its rod against endwise motion.

The locking dog or lug L is of such form that its vertical face will extend over the web of the rail from its foot to its tread, and is placed on the outside'thereof, while the dog or lug L simply projects over the foot of the rail.

The object of making the outer locking-dog of greater dimension is to hold the railagainst lateral displacement under the action of the flanges of the wheels of the rolling-stock, this being of great advantage, especially on curves, where the lateral pressure on the rails is often very great, thus insuring greater stability and durability to the roadway.

rIhe lugs or dogs L L are preferably formed on their guide rods or bars and engage the l'oot of the rails, as shown. It' desired, these guide rods or bars may be made of such length as to extend from one rail-seat to the other, as shown in Fig. 3, cach bar being provided with two locking-dogs, so that both rails may be locked to the tie simultaneously. In this case each bar will carry a lockingdog, L and L', the former locking the rail from the outside and the latter from the inside of the track, as will be readily understood.

To unlock the rail from the tie it is simply necessary to lift the locking-latches l and Z' to IOO bring the projections Z2 thereon out of their respective slots t2 and slide the locking-dogs away from the rail, the length of said slots t2 being sufficient to withdra-wthe dogs clear of the foot of the rails A.

lVhether separate rods are employed for the locking-dogs of each rail, or whether said dogs are arranged in pairs on one rod extending from one rail to the other, it is obvious that a 4very extended bearing-surface is provided for the said dogs, and that no lateral pressure that can be brought to bear upon said dogs would cause the bars to break, and even should a bar break almost at any point there would still be sufficient hold to keep the dogs in engagement with the rails.

Tovproperly secure thetie in position, I employ anchor or ground plates or chairs P, provided on their under sid-es with two or more ribs, p, that, when sunk in the ground, will anchor the tie securely in its, position, and

when the plates or chairs P are laid in stone solidate the tie and its seatplate, holes may be formed in said plate for the reception of bolts B, the nuts or heads ofwhich tie the two together, semi-cylindrical recesses t* p4 being formed in the tie-iiange tandv the projecting wall of the recess in the plate P, respectively, for said bolts, as shown.

To impart tothe tie a certain degree of elasticity, I interpose cushions O, of a more or less elastic material-such as rubber, paper, leather, &c.-between the seatflanges t of the tie and the chair or anchor-plate P; and to impart to the tietlie required strength at the points where the load is supported thereby, I insert a filling, F, of metal or other suitable material, recessed along its opposite edges to form the necessary spaces, within which slide the rods R R of the locking devices or railfasteners.

In practice I propose to make the -tie very light, and, as hereinbefore stated, propose to relieve the tie of all or practically all the pressure exerted by the load.` To this end I 'interpose an elastic cushion between thetie and its anchor-plate P, and employ for the iilling F a more or less elastic material-21s, for instauce,wood or paper pulp or other simple or compound material of sufficient strength to support the load; or a rigid material-such as metal-may be employed for the said illin g F, which is seated directly on the anchor-plate or chair P, which frms a rigid bearing therefor. If a metallic filling F is employed, this may be made hollow also and recessed, so that a block of wood or of other more or less elast-ic material may be insertedl to form a bearing, which, when the tie is slightly depressed by the load, will support the same. is held against endwise displacement on the anchor-plate P by lugs or ears p2 p, projecting therefrom between the cushions C, and between whieh lugs or ears the filling F is seated.

As shown in Fig. 4, the iilling F has an offset, j", which projects slightly into the railseat when the tie is depressed by thepassage over the rail of a train o f cars, and thus supports the load,suiticient room being left between the bars RV and R and the top of the tie 8o to permit this slight depression of the said tie.

The upper face oftsetf of the filling 'F lies flush with the bottom of the recess or seat T', formed by the vertical walls of the tie, and it is obvious that when a train of ears passes over rigidly to their seats, thus effectually preventing any accidental displacement of the locking-dogs by the -vibration of the rails.

If desired, the anchor-plate may be dis pensed with, in which case the seat-flanges of the tie are made of such width as to afford a Ico firm bearing for the tie on the road-bed. The llingfF is then held against endwise motion by means of bolts passing transversely through the tie T and through elongated openings or slots in the iilling, so as to give the tie the fc5 necessary vertical play onv the filling.

The advantages derived from my improved tie and mode of securing the rails thereto and anchoring the ties in the road-bed may be brieiiy enumerated as follows, to wit: greater 11odurability and safety, a greater b'earing-surface on the-road-bed, simplicity and economy 0f construction and application, and economy in transportation of the tics.

The tie itself giving the gage of the road,

the usual labor of setting the rails to gage is dispensed with and the spreading or canting. of the rails is avoided, hence securing the whole of the tread of the rails as a bearingsurface for the wheels, avoid-ing undue wear 12o of vsaid rails, and preventing the slipping of locomotive-drivers when the train runs on an upgrade. A saving is also effected in the maintenance of the road and in laying, ref

moving, and replacing the ties, as the old ties, 1 25 when unfit for use, may be made use of, which is hardly ever the case with a wooden tie.

AAny unskilled laborer can lay or repair a track, and any broken or worn-out part can be replaced with facilityand without injury 13,0

to the other parts.

I would have it understood that I do not desire to claim, broadly, a metallic tie, as I am aware that such have heretofore been used.

This filling 7o This arrangement has also 9o Vhat I claim is l. The combination, -with a railroad-tie, of

a rail-fastening consisting of' an endwise-slid ing bar provided with lugs projecting therefroin,and arranged to lap the foot of each rail, and latches pivotcd to said bar for lockingthe same iirmly to the tie, as described.

2. A rail-fastening consisting of a bar provided with locking-dogs arranged to engage the feet of the rails on one side of their webs, in combination with locking-dogs arranged to engage the feet of the rails on the opposite side of the web, as and for the purpose specifled.

3. The combination, with a railroad tie and rails, of rail-fastenings consisting each of a bar provided with projecting` lugs to lap the feet of the rails and pivoted latches adapted to engageand seat in openings in the tie to lock the bar against movement, as and for the purpose specilied.

It. The combination, with a railroad tie provided with laterally-projecting and recessed seat-fianges, of a chair or anchor-plate provided with lugs or ears arranged to project into said recesses to hold the tie against longitudinal displacement on the plate, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

5. The combination, with a railroad-tie provided with laterally-projecting and recessed seat flanges, of a chair or anchor-plate having a recess in its upper face for the reception ofthe tie-flanges and lugs or ears arranged to project into the recesses of the said tie-flanges to hold the tie against lateral and longitudinal displacement on the plate, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

6. The combination, with a railroad-tie provided with laterally-projecting and recessed` seat-flanges, of a chair or anchor-plate having a recess in its upper face for the reception ot' thetie-langes, vertical lugs or ears projecting into the recesses in the flanges, and two or more transverse ribs ou its under side, substantially as described, for the purpose specied.

7. The herein described chair or anchorplate for railroad-ties, provided in its upper face with a recess for the reception of the tie, vertical lugs or ears projecting into said recess, and transverse ribs formed on the under side ofthe plate, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

8. The combination, with a railroad-tie, of

Aa ground or scat plate therefor, ribbed on its under side, and an elastic cushion interposed between said tie and plate, for the purpose specified.

. 9. A hollow metallic railroad-tie provided with depressed seats for the rails, slide-bars extending within the tie to both seats, and locking-dogs connected in pairs to said bars, and projecting above the tie and operating to lock the rails to their seats, scribed.

l0. The combination, with a hollow 'metallic railroad-tie slotted in its upper face or tread to form depressed seats f'or the rails, and an elastic seat or bearing for the tie, of a lling for said tie underneath the rail-seats and a rigid seat for said filling, as described, for the purpose specified.

1l. The combination, with a hollow metallie railroad-tie slotted in its upper face or tread to form depressed seats for the rails, fasteners movable lengthwise on the tie to loci: the rails thereto, and an elastic seat or bearing for the tie, of' a filling for said tie underneath the railseats and a rigid bearing for said filling, as described, for the purpose specitied.

12. The combination, with a hollow metallic railroad tie slotted in its upper face to form depressed seats for the rails, and an elastic seat or bearing for said tie, of bars arranged and sliding within the tie, a locking-dog connected with said bars and projecting above the upper face of the tie to lock the rails thereto, a filling below the rail-seats and bars of the locking-dogs, and a rigid bearing for said filling, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

13. The combination, with a hollow metallic railroad-tie slotted in its upper l'ace to form depressed seats for the rails, a chair or anchorplate for said tie, and elastic bearings interposed between the seat-flanges of the tie and the anchor-plate, of bars arranged to slide within the tie, a locking-dog connected with said bars and projecting above t-he upper face of the tie to lock the rails thereto, and a filling for the tie, provided with an offset below the rail-seats, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

14. rlhe combination, with a' hollow metallic railroad-tie provided with laterally-projecting recessed seat-ilangcs and slotted in its upper face to forni depressed seats for the rails, a chair or anchor-plate recessed in its upper face to receive the tie-flanges and provided with locking studs or lugs engaging the rccesses thereof, and transverse ribs on its under side, andan elastic bearing interposed between the seat-flanges of the tie and the said anchorplate, of bars arranged to slide within the tie, a locking dog or dogs connected with said bars and projecting above the upper face of the tie to lock therails thereto, and a filling for the tie below the rail-seats, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

In testimony whereofl affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

NORMAN S. VHIDE.

substantially as de- XVi t n esses z XVILLIAM E. .BoUL'rER WM. R. Davis.

IOO 

